Human rights: Disciplinary proceedings did not breach trader's right to a fair trial

Disciplinary proceedings taken by the Securities and Futures Authority against a securities trader involved the "determination of his civil rights and obligations", but not the determination of "any criminal charge" within the meaning of article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, even though the proceedings could result in fines and a suspension, holds the Court of Appeal in R v Securities and Futures Authority Ltd and another ex parte Fleurose [2001] EWCA Civ 1048.