In Howard v (1) Millrise Ltd and another, the EAT holds that the correct interpretation of reg.10 (8A) of TUPE is that, if there is no trade union and no elected employee representatives, the employer is under a duty to inform and consult employees affected by the transfer of the undertaking.
In Alamo Group (Europe) Ltd v (1) Tucker (2) Twose of Tiverton Ltd, the EAT holds that where a transferor fails to comply with its duty to inform and consult upon a relevant transfer, liability for that failure passes to the transferee under reg. 5 of the TUPE Regulations.
In Institution of Professional Civil Servants and others v Secretary of State for Defence the High Court rejects a complaint by various trade unions that the Secretary of State had not Informed and consulted them about a proposed transfer of two dockyards to commercial management, as required by s.1 of the Dockyard Services Act 1986.