In Ville de Nivelles v Matzak, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) held that the time during which a firefighter is on standby at home and must be at the fire station within a matter of minutes counts as "working time".
Line manager training guide looking at hours of work, including the rules that prescribe maximum working hours and the process for opting out of those rules, and exploring how to manage overtime and employees who overwork.
Practical guidance on the opt-out process in relation to the maximum working week under the Working Time Regulations 1998, including obtaining workers' consent; the opt-out agreement; and record-keeping.